“I Didn’t Know” Is No Excuse in Foreign Employment
— Common Violations and What Companies Must Know About Risks and Countermeasures① —
（1）現場で起こる身近な違反 Common Workplace Violations
外国人労働者の受け入れにおいて、以下のような法令違反が散見されます。
⚠️社会保険未加入、残業代未払い
⚠️タイムカードの改ざん、有給休暇の不提供
⚠️日本語のみの契約書で内容が理解できない
⚠️違約金の強要、給与未払いによる生活困窮
対策：契約書や給与明細はコピーを保管し、疑問があれば労働局や支援団体に相談を。
When hiring foreign workers, the following legal violations are frequently observed:
⚠️Failure to enroll in social insurance; unpaid overtime
⚠️Tampering with timecards; denial of paid leave
⚠️Employment contracts written only in Japanese, making them incomprehensible to the worker
⚠️Coercion to pay penalties; unpaid wages leading to financial hardship
➡Always keep copies of contracts and pay slips. If there are concerns, consult the Labor Bureau or support organizations.
（2）技能実習から特定技能への移行時に起こるトラブル
Troubles During Transition from Technical Intern Training to Specified Skilled Worker Status
制度変更のタイミングでは、以下のような問題が発生しやすくなります。
⚠️書類不備や偽造、情報管理の甘さ
⚠️資格外業務の指示、手続きの丸投げ
⚠️母国語での説明不足、内部告発制度の未整備
対策：契約内容や支援計画は本人に母国語で説明し、企業側も内容を把握しておくこと。
During status transitions, the following issues tend to arise:
⚠️Incomplete or falsified documents; poor information management
⚠️Assigning tasks outside the scope of permitted work; outsourcing procedures without oversight
⚠️Lack of explanation in the worker’s native language; absence of whistleblower systems
➡ Explain contracts and support plans in the worker’s native language, and ensure the company understands the contents thoroughly.
（3）出発前から始まる構造的搾取
Structural Exploitation Begins Before Departure
送り出し国（例：ベトナム、フィリピン）では、以下のような問題が報告されています。
⚠️高額な紹介料・保証金の徴収
⚠️非公式ネットワークによる多重契約
⚠️日本企業の黙認による国際的批判
対策：信頼できる送り出し機関を選び、保証金や違約金の徴収があれば即通報。
In sending countries such as Vietnam and the Philippines, the following problems have been reported:
⚠️Excessive referral fees and security deposits
⚠️Multiple contracts through unofficial networks
⚠️Japanese companies turning a blind eye, leading to international criticism
➡Choose trustworthy sending organizations, and report any collection of deposits or penalties immediately.
✅ 法令遵守のためのチェックポイント Key Compliance Checkpoints
| チェック項目 Check Item | 内容 Details |
| 社会保険加入 Social Insurance Enrollment | 労災・雇用・健康保険の加入義務 Mandatory enrollment in workers’ compensation, employment, and health insurance |
| 不当解雇の禁止 Prohibition of Unjust Dismissal | 契約期間中の一方的な解雇は違法 Unilateral termination during the contract period is illegal |
| パスポート預かり禁止 No Passport Retention | 本人が管理するのが原則 Passports must be kept under the worker’s own control |
| 給与未払・天引きの禁止 Prohibition of Unpaid Wages or Deductions | 正当な支払いと明細の交付 Wages must be paid properly with itemized payslips |
| 保証金契約の禁止 Ban on Security Deposit Contracts | 日本・現地ともに徴収禁止 Collection of deposits is prohibited both in Japan and in the sending country |
